Deforestation Cause and Effects

â€Å"Scientist fear that 20 percent of the trees will be lost over the next two decades† (From â€Å"Last of the Amazon† by Scott Wallace). Deforestation can be caused by many things, natural or unnatural. The number one cause can be said to be illegal logging or erosion, but we all know that is not it. Deforestation in the world is caused by man and the effects are devastating to the environment and can also effect global warming. Man can cause deforestation because of his greediness to want everything.For example, loggers in the Amazon are illegally cutting down trees to either make space for crops and cattle, or to get the wood and sell it. Man can also show his greediness when it comes to money, well, to be exact gold. Back in the 1850’s when the gold rush started in California; people began to chop down redwood trees in order to build their homes and towns. Eventually, by the 1900’s most of the original old redwood forest was gone.As a result of man, the effects, such as deforestation, are devastating to the environment. In addition to all the illegal logging being done, erosion can affect the surrounding areas. Erosion washes away the soil that other trees or plants in the area need adding on to future deforestation. Furthermore, the mass logging being done can also disrupt the water cycle. By cutting down a large amount of trees, the rainfall in that area can decrease because the moisture released by the trees also decreased.As a matter of fact, this can then cause a drought and make things even worse. Global warming can also be elicited by deforestation. The cutting down of a large amount of trees can increase the amount of greenhouse gasses that can be released to the atmosphere. To illustrate, if trees are cut down, the amount of carbon dioxide that is taken by them decreases. As a result, the carbon dioxide that was not taken by the trees goes up to the atmosphere, trapping heat and creating global warming.Furthermore, tr ees are 50 percent carbon, meaning that when they have fallen or burned, the CO2 they store escapes back into the air. In summary, global warming and the devastation being done to the environment are all caused by deforestation taking place because man. In the end, the effects of man’s greediness have almost caused the extinction of the redwood tree and it is now affecting the whole world with global warming. In my opinion, there should be a law that makes loggers plant a new smaller tree after they cut down the big old one.

Hamlet’s Tragedy

Hamlet is authentically absorbing and perceptive play, which explores the importance of truth in language and the variables which order truth begins in Shakespeare's work. Shakespeare has amazing ways illustrating throughout the play, the development of the importance of the conflicts of idealism and truth. Shakespeare uses his main character of the play, Hamlet, to demonstrate the idea that individuals make accomplishing goals priority in their lives, but also must keep in mind that not everything we wish for will be accomplished. Shakespeare sets the bar high for his character, Hamlet to achieve. Shakespeare does this to illustrate the idea that individuals with high expectations will strive and work harder towards their goals. Moreover, idealism and truth are two qualities in which the practice of forming and pursuing ideals and the quality of being true exists in correlation. Although both expressions may be interpreted to be similar, in many ways and situations often put these two terms in juxtaposition. In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, Shakespeare suggests that idealism and truth can often have a significant impact on an individual's life through the presentation of truth and experience. Readers, discover what the absolute meaning of truth and idealism signify in each characters lives. However, even Hamlet, Shakespeare's main character does not meet the standards that Shakespeare expects him to. Some individuals will argue that a good sense of balance between idealism and truth will lead to success. Idealism and truth are impacted by factors of relationships, trust and balance between idealism and truth. Idealism in the test, Shakespeare appears to correlate relationships and bonds in friendships. Both play significant role in assisting to set apart friends who are ideal and genuine compared to friends who appear to be ideal, but are in truth rather disloyal subjects. Two characters that appear to be dishonest and phony in the play are Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, Hamlet's childhood friends. In many instances Rosencrantz and Guildenstern real personalities are revealed through many remarks Hamlet conveys, â€Å"†¦ it is but squeezing you, and, sponge, you/ shall be dry again†(4. 2. 19-21). This quote is very powerful and conveys the message of Rosencrantz being a false riend. The metaphoric compression of Rosencrantz to a sponge, illustrates the reader that Hamlet's friends are not there to assist him as ideal friends should, but rather they are there to reap the rewards Claudius and Gertrude were offering by informing them of Hamlet's actions and emotions. Contrary to the friendship shared between Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, and Hamlet's; Horatio appears to be an exceptionally ideal and true companion, â€Å"†¦ Let us impart what we have seen tonight/ Unto young Hamlet† (1. 1. 185-186). his particular quote is representative of Harotio's trust, honestly and endless action of friendship towards the presence and appreciation of the young Hamlet. Moreover, this is an exemplary relationship that appears to present what is often the essence and root of an ideal and true friendship in which the individuals are significantly impacted in a constructive way. Evidently, all throughout the play relationships occur to represent and develop an important role in setting a standard for ideal and true relations. Contrary to the phony friends who only appear to be both, true and ideal. Correlations between individuals greatly impact the way incidents are dealt with and resolved. Trust issues may also serve as an important role in developing an often negative significance on idealism and realism. In many situations, trust has been given by Hamlet to his two childhood friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. However, they have taken this form of trust and have proven to abuse it. Hamlet said, † there's letters sealed; and my two schoolfellows/ whom I trust as I will adders fanged,† (3. 4. 225-226). In the previous quote, Hamlet has made clear his perspective on what Rosencrantz and Guildenstern really meant to him. Comparing them to adders-poisonous snakes appears to emphasize that they are both after Hamlet for his downfall rather than to help aid him in getting past his father's death and depression. This metaphor proves the validity of the friendships and loss of trust is shared between Hamlet, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. The discovery of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern's true intention destroys the barrier of trust in the relationship Hamlet had shared with his two companions. Hamlet said, â€Å"†¦Let the candied tongue lick absurd pomp/ And crock the pregnant hinges of the knee† (3. 2. 64-65). In this quote, Hamlet express his feelings. For many individuals, balance is one of the important elements of life. Maintaining level of balance between idealism and truth is a huge aspect of balance in individual's lives. Shakespeare builds a strong character, Hamlet. Ham let, convoy's the idea that being idealistic is very important, but the truth about life must be recognized as well. Hamlet strives to be the best that he can be, to meet the high standards that he puts for man as an individual. Throughout the play, we learn that Hamlet is a very imbalanced individual. Hamlet's everyday life is surrounded by significant and influential people of Denmark. Even the people around Hamlet have noticed that he was a very imbalanced individual. Therefore, they kept disappointing him. Hamlet says, â€Å"And yet, to me, what is this quintessence of dust? Man delights not me: no, nor woman neither†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2. 2. 308-309). Hamlet believes that all goal are achievable which is unrealistic. Motivation can strive the individual for success, but one must keep in mind achievement is not guaranteed. Throughout the play, Shakespeare also introduces the character Fortinbras, to provide an example of balanced individual. Fortinbras character illustrates idealism in the play, also he illustrates how he sees the world, where it has to provide assistance to himself. After Fortinbras loses his father, he goes after the land that his father lost. Fortinbars's uncle tries to change his mind about attacking Denmark, but Forinbars does not listen. Fortinbras creates a plan to attack Denmark, while he passes through Poland. Throughout the play Fortinbras illustrates great balance between the truth and idealism, where he recognizes the truth about the world , but he assures to get uses to the ideals to be sufficient. As a result, Fortinbars lives and strives towards the ideals he created for himself, but also keeps in mind that some things in life may work out differently. Therefore, individuals must create a balance between idealism and truth to keep their life going. To conclude, idealism and truth are impacted by factors of relationships, trust and balance between idealism and truth. Shakespeare express idealism and truth through his main character, Hamlet. Shakespeare sets high goals for Hamlet to achieve, to illustrate the idea that individuals with high expectations will strive and work harder towards their goals. The truth throughout the play reminds us to be realistic and that not all what we work hard for will be accomplished, and we must have a major balance between idealism and truth. Balance will create a easier path for one to live their life happily. Hamlet's play was created to send a strong message to its audience. The classic play sends an advice to its audience about how an individual should maintain a sense of balance to achieve a better life.

A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay Example for Free (#13)

A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay ? We watched two different versions of Shakespeare’s ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’. The first version we watched was from the BBC. This version showed the dream world mixed in with reality, which was quite good. The second version of this play was by channel 4. This was a little less detailed as it showed the forest with lights hanging down. The accents of the actors in the first version were hard to understand because they were from all over England. The first version was also hard to understand because the actors did not use very good body language. The first version also good in the way that it made its forest so life like, well as in the second version it was plain and had doorways in the middle from where people came from. The language use was easier to understand than the second version because the actors used more present English rather than old Shakespeare language. I think that the second version we watched was more suited to children rather than adults because it contained childish humour. When Puck gave Bottom a donkeys head it looked quite unrealistic in the first version because it looked like a rabbit. In the second version Bottoms ass head was good because it actually looked a little realistic. In the second version when Bottom and Titania fell in love, I think they went a bit over the top with the love scene. The first version of the play showed the dream world mixed with reality because Puck made it easy to see who was in the dream world and who wasn’t. The strange thing about the second version was having the little boy as a narrator. I think that may confuse people because they have now added another world to the whole story. There is now reality in the film, the dream world and reality in our world. When the first version showed the play by Bottom and his friends it seemed unpracticed and shabby. The second play showed a little humour by adding people forgetting their lines and the good roaring by the lion. They actually performed on a stage which was more appropriate for the occasion. In the first version they had to perform on the floor. If the actors were performing in front of a Duke and a Duchess then the performers should be given a proper performing stage. I think the second version of the play was by far the best because it had better acting and it showed some humour. In the first version I did not like it how the audience could sense the presence of the dream world. After Bottom and his friends had acted I did not understand why Puck had led all of the fairies through the corridors of the house. I think I prefer the second version of the play because I think it is more suited to my age group and plus I understood it a lot better than the first version. This is because it used present English and it used better body language. A Midsummer Nights Dream. (2017, Jul 12).

Work, people, productivity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Work, people, productivity - Essay Example It will provide the history of the company and its foundations and the list of clients and partnerships. The paper will also focus on the relationship between Apple Inc. and the management style adopted by the company and its productivity. Finally, the controversies associated with the company will be briefly discussed. Foxconn technology Group is a trading name for Hon Hai precision Industry Company limited which was founded in 1974 as a manufacturer of electrical components by Kuo Tai-Ming westernized as Terry Guo (Foxconn technology Group, 2013). Guided by the belief that electronics will be an integral part of everyday life in offices, industries and homes, Terry Guo invested approximately US$7,500 in Hon Hai. The company is a Taiwanese electronics manufacturing company with its headquarters in Tucheng, New Taipei, Taiwan (Foxconn technology Group, 2013). The company manufactures electrical connectors for computer components that have been used by several major computer manufacturing companies. Initially, the Foxconn name was only a trade name used by Hon Hai precision industry Company limited before it was later given to a subsidiary company. Hon Hai opened the first manufacturing company in mainland China in 1988 (Jay, 2004). At about this time, the company went public in the Taiwan stock exc hange; it was experiencing great expansion and growth in Asia (Jay, 2004). In the mid 1990’s, the company opened research and development centres in the United States and Japan (Jay, 2004). They also started production of computer cases and within a year it was the leading manufacturer of PC cases in 1996 (Jay, 2004). In the late 1990’s Foxconn set up manufacturing plants in the United states, Ireland, Scotland and United Kingdom (Jay, 2004). Breakthrough was seen in 2001 when the company set up a manufacturing company in the Czech Republic and took over production of Apples’ iMac computers. Additionally, it took over the production of

Does anonymity on the web give people too much freedom to torment Essay

Does anonymity on the web give people too much freedom to torment others - Essay Example Potential victims are also protected this way. Patients and parents, for instance, can talk about sensitive matters in open forums (Milner). Victims of discrimination and crimes can also speak out anonymously. Nowadays, there are uncountable chat rooms where people get to speak openly of how they feel about their jobs, spouses and even lifestyles. The debate on gender equality, for example, saw many women and men express themselves. Both uncivil and polite responses were accepted in the forum. This made it easy to reach quick decisions by hosts. As Milner claims, Anonymity can empower those who seek consolation and justice to speak out .Victims of rape, for example, can talk about their ordeal without the fear of rejection or shame. On the other hand, anonymous people can intimidate other web users or even go as far as stalking them. Bias motivated stalking and sexual invasion of privacy are a major menace that come with anonymity. The two interfere with other peoples employment and general lifestyle. People get a chance to be heard on the web through Anonymity. Before the invention of the internet, only influential people were fortunate enough to be listened to. Anonymity also ensures the protection of Democracy and civilian rights. Discussing political matters without anonymity would not be possible. This is because politicians are very influential people and therefore common individuals would not risk confrontation by expressing their views. People get to know what other people think concerning particular issues. On the other hand, people can take advantage and misuse their freedom of expression to hurt and threaten others on the web, an act called trolling. Trolling can be offensive, disturbing and at times shocking. Anonymity on the web only gives web users enough freedom to express themselves. Anonymity does not give people freedom to torment others. It is a privilege that needs not be interfered with. As

Technology good or bad Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Technology good or bad - Research Paper Example Many new gadgets in the telecommunication industry, service industry as well s manufacturing are finding their away to the market each day, all determined to change our lives in one way or another. These changes in our lives are what we rate the advancement of technology. While it was not possible to use a phone device to make video class a few years ago, today, it is possible to do more than that and include teleconferencing. Technology has surely brought a new life to the global world. However, many have never thought about the impacts of technology to the negative and are only interested with the positive sides. The truth is that technology has created a much worse world than it used to be few years ago. An article in the CIO Enterprise Magazine by Gunasegaram (1999) elaborated that one thing that has affected the corporate world is the advent of the new technology. According to this report while several years back people could concentrate on their work and production was expandin g rapidly, currently employees can sit the whole day watching movies, chatting in social networks or reviewing irrelevant material over the internet during working hours. A survey carried out in there years to determine the effects of computers in the corporate world revealed that it has taken mangers another burden to devise ways of surveillance and tracking computers and network usage to ensure that employees do not visit unnecessary sites during production hours. Though the measures have been somehow successful, the report indicates that still 83% of companies involved in this research required more monitoring and even had to warn employees of the consequences if caught in such activities (Gunasegaram (1999). Though computers have been acquired by firms to enhance productivity and make work easier and faster, employees have turned them to tools of lazing around. A company has to undergo extra costs in designing software that have to guard the same employees against visiting the p rohibited sites in the work place. This is one of the challenges of technology in the corporate world. Education is another area that has experienced many challenges as a result of technological developments. Though the use of information systems eliminates the geographical and communication barriers, this has been at a high cost in the education sector. Students and young minds cannot differentiate between the real and virtue realities as a result of the technological gadgets. The result has been that the student fraternity has been confused in emulating virtual superstars whom they are in most cases obsessed with, in the expense of their studies (Hutchby and Ellis, 14). Movies that have become a daily encounter in the lives of children have resulted to a loss of generation that cannot differentiate reality with the virtual content that are shown in movies. Though there has been some kind of innovation as a result of this (Hutchby and Ellis, 13), many students have ended up living confused lives and obsessed with movies and other virtual images that are readily available overt the internet. This has downgraded the level of education in schools. Technology has reduced the education in schools to cyber theatrics, and has lost meaning of schooling as originally designed to be. In the earlier years, teachers were supposed to guide students through in class and develop a higher rapport in understanding their students. Currently, many schools are

Themes of Romantic Music and Renaissance Painting Essay

Themes of Romantic Music and Renaissance Painting - Essay Example A common value that romantic music appreciatively adds on the development of renaissance painting is the period that the two art elements came to existence. By romantic music having existed at the same century as that which renaissance paintings did, it was inevitable that the value of romantic music were relayed through the work of fine art as the artists of that time postulated. An artist like Leonardo da Vinci was known to express and relay emotion on painting canvas, being an artist who appreciated the element of romantic music he could then bring himself to supplement romantic music with paintings effectively. A denoted development such as the invention of musical instruments during the 17th century is a value that effectively influenced the development of renaissance painting. Instruments such as the piano and the guitar are elements that represent music. This element of music representation then reciprocated as renaissance artists could then assign a music instruments incorpor ating it in their paintings to represent musical paintings. A very famous painting of a man playing a guitar; by Fiery Lombard done in 1590’s in Rome is a representation of this type of paintings inspired by musical instruments. A theme appreciated as that that facilitated the renaissance paintings is religion. Many artists such as Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci had a very strong religious background; therefore, in some of their paintings, they most likely choose to incorporate religious elements in their paintings.

Student loan vs bank loan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Student loan vs bank loan - Research Paper Example Flexibility of bank loans and federal loans - Federal loans are more flexible, starting from application to repayment process. Elements of loan forgiveness and guarantee in both loans - Federal loans are entitled to loan forgiveness and are guaranteed in case of death or disability. Bank loans are not. Interest rates – Federal loans have lower and fixed interest rates, while bank loans have higher and unstable interest rates. Counter-argument based on efficiency and student satisfaction – bank loans cater for all student needs as the loan amount is not fixed. The application procedure of bank loan is not cumbersome. 3. Conclusion Importance of both the federal student loans and bank loans in higher education Future of the education aid in United States, in form of bank loans and federal student loans Name Course Instructor Date Student Loan Vs. Bank loans In most developed and developing countries of the world, students are considered for loans to facilitate their highe r education. These are in the form of government student loans or the private loans, including bank loans. This is one of the ways in educational policies to ensure higher education for all in a country. In the United States, student loans are provided under the federal student loans. ... Forest observes that the state government plays the greatest role in financial aid for education of students in higher institutions of learning (259). However, he does not ignore the contribution of the private sector, especially banks, in offering students loans for their higher education. Nevertheless, Forest insists that the US federal government plays the most important role in financing students’ higher education as compared to the private sector, including banks. For instance, between 1998 and 1999, the federal government was responsible for 70 percent of financial aid to college and university students in the form of student loans. This was a total of $46 billion, inclusive of student loans and grants (Forest 260). This therefore points to the great influence of federal student loans in higher education, with bank loans having a lesser influence. According to Forest, what makes federal student loans to be more preferable is their limited requirements and conditions for one to qualify for. In the US, the federal student loans are easy to qualify for, and have fewer restrictions. On the other hand, bank loans are hard to qualify for and highly restrictive. For one to qualify for a bank account, they have to show a reliable credit history, and possess sufficient income as shown by one’s bank account balance. However, most students in the world are still young, with no reliable income or bank account balances, which can serve as collateral for the bank loans. This therefore makes student loans a good option for students, as they do not require any collateral as a qualification condition (Forest 263). â€Å"Kiplinger’s Personal Finance† records that the flexibility of federal student loans

Assessment of marketing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Assessment of marketing - Term Paper Example Geographical segment: the company provides different price ranges products to target the customers of different income level. It has regular priced products for the people of middle income level and also offers premium branded products for the higher class who only want the quality and the brand name and do not hesitate for price. For social class, all demographic social categories of customers are targeted by the company. It generally offers branded clothes, so, the customers are generally educated and earning people. The customers segment of this company includes working people like employees and small business people. Psychographic segment: the lifestyle of the target customers are generally western culture and people follow the new fashion trend to choose dresses for both casual and formals. Their interest is to get quality and also brand name in standard price. Behavioural segment: Most of the customers are frequent buyers of casual dresses. They follow the new and popular trend. The target customers generally shop from high streets garment shops which offers variety products of different brands. They do not generally buy from the company showroom of a particular brand. As these customers are frequent buyers so they do not purchase at one time shopping. The company can diversify into a neighbour market i.e. Melbourne which is second popular city in Australia. To find out the external factors e.g. opportunities and threats related to this market, the external factors need to be analysed. The external environment of a new market includes political or legal, economic, social or cultural and technological environment. Political: The political environment of this city is influential for a retail business like clothing. Some political issues or the legal restrictions are there to use the natural resources like water that is not related to this business. Economic: the city has highly diversified economy. This city has

Strategic Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Strategic Management - Assignment Example The core competencies of an organisation are focused on satisfying customer needs and demands to achieve more than average returns (Thompson, 2001). The Business-level strategies help the organisation to achieve its targets. The actions of Business level strategies provide value to customers and help the organisation to gain a competitive advantage (Kaplan and Norton, 2001). The Business-level strategies are also concerned with the position of the firm in an industry, with respect to competitors and to the five forces of competition (Hill, Jones and Schilling, 2014). A competitive advantage is a benefit which is gained over its rivals by a company by offering customers value for the products, through lower prices or by providing additional benefits and service that can justify similar or higher prices (Ansoff and McDonnell, 1990). Manufacturers or producers who are involved in niche marketing, exploring a competitive advantage, to them it means increased profit and a sustainable business and its success over the long term (Pearce and Robinson, 2000). The following categorisation defines competitive advantage better and discusses several strategies which help in building a competitive advantage of a company. Cost Leadership is a strategy by which the company makes continuous efforts to cut costs relative to its competitors (Goldman and Nieuwenhuizen, 2006). Here the company aims to compete for a wide range of customers based on price. Differentiation is a strategy by which a unique feature in the product provides value to the customers. It is created by lowering buyer’s cost, sustainability and raising buyer’s performance (Stevenson and Hojati, 2007). In Focused low cost strategy, the company selects a small segment of market to sell its products or services at a competitive price (Thompson, et al., 2008). In

Electronic Medical Records Essay Example for Free

Electronic Medical Records Essay Electronic Medical Records (EMR) are becoming more widely used across the healthcare spectrum. One of the reasons for their popularity is the potential that is presented for increasing the quality of care delivered to patients by decreasing handwriting interpretation errors, reducing medication administration errors and eliminating lost charts. Time management is a crucial skill to have as a nurse. It allows for a smooth workflow which translates into quality patient care. Much time can be wasted not only by the nurse signing off illegible handwritten orders, but also by the other nurses that have to help interpret the handwriting. The EMR requires the physician to enter orders electronically, thereby eliminating handwritten orders. Electronic orders are more precise and more accurately followed (Sokol, 2006). Fewer errors make it to the patient, reducing unnecessary tests and increasing the quality of care that patients are receiving. Electronic medication administration records (MAR) are useful in displaying medications due at specific times. Not only is it possible to sort the medications due at one time, the MAR will also alert the nurse to potential drug interactions. Late medications will be displayed in red to be easily seen. If bar coding is implemented, medication errors can be reduced by a range of 60%-97% (Hunter, 2011). A lost chart can be very frustrating while trying to deliver seamless care to a patient. Paper charts are easily misplaced. Since there is only one, if a single provider is using it, no one else of the medical team can view the chart. The EMR can be viewed from any computer with secure internet access or on a handheld device. When the internet is down, a downtime view only access is available. Nursing Involvement Nurses are known as patient advocates. In advocating for their patients, nurses strive for what is best in their patient’s care. Since nurses will be using the EMR most frequently, it is imperative that they are part of the selection and implementation on an EMR. A nurse, on the EMR team, will represent all nursing. Nurses will be accessing the EMR through their shift several times and will become familiar with the layout and workflow and will be able to provide insight into what would work best to ensure quality of care. There is a saying that you don’t know what you don’t know. A nurse knows what she will need and is the best to supply this information. While researching which EMR would be the best for a facility, a nurse can provide information on time saving workflows between systems. Nurses must also be trained as super users to provide a seamless change from paper charting to electronic charting and provide support to fellow nursing staff. A nurse on the EMR team will be able to deliver new information in a way that other nurses are more receptive to. Handheld Devices If nurses were to use handheld devices in delivery of patient care, there would be a noticeable savings of time as well as more accurate charting. Nursing personnel carrying a handheld device would have immediate access to their patients chart to notice new orders, lab results, or medication admission records. The need to review the paper chart repeatedly throughout the day would be eliminated along with the long search that commences every time you have to look for the paper chart. This could add several minutes to a nurse’s time at the bedside, improving patient satisfaction. When vital signs are taken, written on a slip of paper and then transcribed into the paper chart, there are many opportunities for error and delay. Numbers can be transposed, written incorrectly or the wrong patient’s information could go into a chart. With the immediate availability of a handheld device, the information from the vital signs monitor would have the ability to interface into the patient’s chart virtually eliminating late charting and errors. Security Standards The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was initiated in 1996 as a standard for protecting individually identifiable health information (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services). HIPAA requires that all information, either written or electronically, that falls under the criteria is protected from unauthorized viewers. An EMR carries more stringent HIPAA guidelines than a paper chart due to the risks associated with computer based files and there are a few key steps that must be taken to ensure compliance with this act. Access control: each user will have a unique user name and password that must not be shared. Firewall protection must be used on the internet server the hospital utilizes to prevent hackers from obtaining access to protected information. If users are authorized to access patient information from home, there must be a secure server used (Arevalo, 2007). Storage: Data must be encrypted to enhance the security while information is being stored and while it is transferred. Encryption entails protection of files and data that is only viewable to authorized users. Compliance of these regulations should be audited on a regular basis with any violation being swiftly remedied (Medical Records, 2013). Healthcare Costs Purchasing an EMR can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. In order to justify such a large purchase, one must examine the potential ways that money can be saved while using an EMR. After spending hours training users and with a little practice, nurse’s workflows will improve and less time will be wasted. A chart will not have to be searched for, double or triple charting is eliminated by using handheld devices for immediate charting. The quality assurance team will be able to run reports on compliance of core measures and be able to recommend changes to nursing personnel to implement. Fewer medication errors will be made by using the electronic MAR. Most importantly, these time and money saving factors will enhance patient safety. With fewer paper charts to store, valuable space can be remodeled into patient care areas that offer services not previously offered due to space issues (Power, 2013). This will increase revenue for the facility. Comparison Epic offers a computerized management system that is utilized by everyone in the healthcare setting including, nurses, nurse aids, physicians, dietary, radiology, emergency department and the business office. Each department will have a unique look and functionality to their program. There is no need to use multiple systems to gather information on a patient. It can be used in medium size ambulatory settings such as a clinic as well as in a hospital setting for either inpatients or outpatients. With all departments having access to the same information on a patient, errors will be reduced in delivery of patient care. The chance for entering erroneous lab results or miss- documentation will also be reduced with department specific workflows. Not only will this result in better patient care, but also in a nurse’s ability to delivery effective, efficient, quality care without delay. In addition, all physician order entry is electronic, every time. Order sets can be customized for each prescriber, saving time and hassle while maintaining meaningful use and following core measures. For added security, the system can be set to automatically sign a user out after a specified length of time of non-use. And while all of the patient’s information is available to each user, audit trails are left enhancing patient security. Epic has pre-loaded patient teaching materials available as well as the option to custom make information. After visit summaries are easily printed upon discharge and an electronic copy is permanently attached to the chart. Patient would benefit from a facility the uses the Epic system by having access to MyChart. MyChart is a portal of access between a patient and their provider for communication as well as a portable computerized health record. IF a patient were to access care from a facility that does not utilize the Epic system, that patient would have access to MyChart and would then be able to provide critical information that would enhance their care. Another computerized management system available is one from Cerner. This system can be used in all settings in a hospital including nursing. For medication administration, Cerner has available barcode identification of medication to help nursing staff complete their five rights verification prior to administration. It also allows charting at the bedside to enhance accuracy either through a handheld device or a stationary computer. All order entry by physicians is done on the computer allowing the providers to follow built in prompts for allergy information and adverse drug interactions as well as prompts that will aid in the order of care protocols to enhance patient care. Cerner also has a portal designed for patient to have access to their records no matter where they are as well as tracking information for health goals a patient and their provider have established. The portal allows progress tracking and provides information on steps that can be used to help the patient reach their goals. This gives patients more responsibility for their health while providing the incentive needed. Nursing care will be escalated similarly to the way it would be in Epic. Patient information is easily accessible through intuitive workflows allowing nursing staff to make responsible decisions regarding patient care. My recommendation for a computerized management system would be the one available from Cerner. It is the most user friendly for staff including nursing and offers intensive training and yearly upgrades. The different departments systems appear to work together seamlessly resulting in increased savings of time and money (Cerner, 2013).

Football Academies Child protection Essay Example for Free

Football Academies  Child protection Essay Key factors of an enhanced Centre of Excellence and Football Academies  Child protection  All staff to be screened and registered  Each centre to designate a member of staff responsible form child  Protection and awareness training  Development of child protection policy  Limitation on numbers of Centres of excellence per club  Grievance procedure  Agreed football calendar including 36 in-service training for all staff  Staff to be required to maintain personal CPD portfolios  Guide lines to parents with regard to registration, educational needs etc  Player coach ratios  Mandatory coaching for goal keepers. PROVISIONS FOR MALE AND FEMALE COMPETITORS Football has always been the peoples game; because anyone can play it almost anywhere- you just need a ball and some friends. For anyone wanting to play football seriously there are opportunities to take part in football across the country. The levels of football opportunities available will vary from 5a-side leagues played indoor or outdoor after work right up to 11a-side competitive leagues played usually at weekends.  Football is now officially the biggest womens and girls sport in England. Research has shown that girls who want to play sport want to play football but just because you didnt play when you were young doesnt mean you cant play now. There are over 800 womens teams playing 11a-side competitive football every week throughout the August-May season. One of the reasons people get involved is because the equipment is so cheap. All you need a pair of shin pads, a pair of boots and the club usually supply the kit. If you want to get involved in football call the local rate line which will tell you of the teams available in your area and how you can join them. Call 0845 310 8555. PROVISIONS FOR DISABLED PARTICIPANTS There are currently six England squads for disabled participants. These are:  Blind-these people are classified according to their level of sight. Game is played on a solid surface. The football contains ball bearings so the players can hear the ball  Partially sighted-Players who have little sight in their eyes. Games played indoors with a size 4 ball, which doesnt bounce, as much as the normal ones Deaf and hearing impaired-Average hearing loss of 55 decibels in the better ear. Players must not wear hearing aids  Cerebral palsy-Players must be ambulant. 7a-side, 2 halves of 30 mins  Learning disabilities- players must have an intellectual disability (IQ below 75)  Amputee-outfield either above or below the knee single amputees and goalkeepers are single arm amputees  The teams all receive official England kit, a physio a fully trained technical adviser and money towards travel costs for attending European and World champion ships.  The aim of this is to see EVERYONE have the chance to play football even if they have a disability it doesnt stop them taking part in a separate game. CONCLUSION Overall I believe that the F.A. is doing nearly everything in its power to develop the game of football throughout the country and give just about everyone that wants a chance to play the option to participate. They are doing this through their initiatives for disabled and normal players and have made rule adaptations to fit their level sport. Although they are doing a lot, I believe they could do more by developing more courses for people who want to get involved with the more teaching side of football and make the option open for anyone who wants to attend a course i.e. coaching or referees easy access to areas close to home where they can participate.

Types of Loneliness

Types of Loneliness Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts for a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon in an attempt to better understand long-term loneliness. These researchers have already identified three different types of loneliness. The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example, a divorce, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. Situational loneliness is easy to understand and to predict. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socialising and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition. Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts, e.g., friends, family members, workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness. It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have. In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity. Most researchers agree that the loneliest people are between the ages of 18 and 25, so a group of psychologists decided to study a group of college freshmen. They found that more than 50% of the freshmen were situationally lonely at the beginning of the semester as a result of their new circumstances, but had adjusted after a few months. Thirteen percent were still lonely after seven months due to shyness and fear. They felt very uncomfortable meeting new people, even though they understood that their fear was not rational. The situationally lonely freshmen overcame their loneliness by making new friends, but the chronically lonely remained unhappy because they were afraid to do so. Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons. First of all, they are unhappy and unable to socialise. Secondly, researchers have found a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad and sometimes dangerous condition.

de-colonization :: essays research papers

After the end of the Second World War in which, to Britain, it was nearly a repeat of the First World War that Britain had experienced the same things as the aftermaths. The war put severe strains on her economic resources as well as the undermining of her export markets. Even though Britain had won the war, the impacts on Britain afterwards were not always positive, in that, as everyone know, war created tragedy. It did not make any good to anybody, even the winner. The victors also had to spend expenditures on reconstructing the destructive infrastructures. Money was not the only main factor that was primarily used to rearrange the whole society, but it took time as well. After the war, a certain country may have to lose something she did not intended to like in case of the Britain that though she won the Second World War, unexpectedly, she had to give freedom to her colonials. Why was that? As a result of a war, as I have mentioned, it definitely created a huge negative impact on a certain country as in this case of the Britain, a post war condition was so bad that some of the right-wing historians have condemned the whole war effort as inefficient and as a major cause to responsible for an upcoming subsequent British economic. (www.fordham.edu) After the discontinue of the World War II, the Britain succumbed to an illusion that she could remain in a status of one of the world’s greatest superpowers, because at that time, she still possessed a huge empire as well as a fairly good relationship with the United States of America, a country that always achieved a status of the world’s superpower. Both of these countries were also shared a good partnership in the Cold War as well. As a consequence, Britain still considered herself as one of the major countries that can influence the world affair as Ernest Bevin , the Foreign Secretary of Britain after 1945, did. His purpose was to remain Britain as one of the three major powers like the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: Ernest Bevin was prepared to strain the British economy to breaking point. By 1950 Britain still had an army of 900,000 men, something unheard of in peacetime, and she spent 14 per cent of her gross national product on defense (Pugh, 1999: 220)

Homosexual Adolescents Essay -- Homosexuality

If one were to identify a time in life when the recognition of a homosexual identity would be most disruptive, adolescence would be at the top of the list. According to psychologist Erik Erikson, adolescence is a time of identity versus confusion. During adolescence, children are exploring their independence and developing a sense of self. Those who receive proper encouragement and reinforcement through personal exploration will emerge from this stage with a strong sense of self and a feeling of independence and control. Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will insecure and confused about themselves and the future (Crain, 2000). The successful completion of these steps can be impeded by identifying one self as a sexual minority. Andrew Sullivan articulates his experience as a homosexual teen in his essay â€Å"What Is A Homosexual?† Homosexual adolescents learn from an early age that â€Å"survival depends on self-concealment (Sullivan, 2008).† Sullivan illustrates the internal struggle of the homosexual adolescent with a powerful statement, stating â€Å"...that which would give him the most meaning is most likely to destroy him in the eyes of others; that the condition of his friendships is the subjugation of himself (Sullivan, 2008).† The use of the word destroy is a haunting acknowledgement to the bullying that occurs throughout our schools and social media sites. The notion that homosexual adolescents don’t simply keep his or her sexual orientation private, but suppress this aspect of his or her being is detrimental to developing a strong sense of self. Sullivan’s description of the experience of growing up as someone â€Å"profoundly different in emotional and psychological makeup† reiterates how challenging it is for... ...elors. Journal of Counseling and Development, 36-40. Crain, W. C. (2000). Theories of Development: Concepts and Applications. Saddle River: Prentice-Hall. Elias, T. D. (2000, January 24). Gays Advance in California. Insight on the News. Knickerbocker, B. (2000, September 11). Election Spotlights Battle Over Gay Rights. The Christian Science Monitor. Raspberry, W. (2000, May 1). Why Not Encourage Monogamy? The Washington Post. Soule, S. A. (2004). Going to the Chapel? Same Sex Marriage Bans in the United States. Social Problems, 453-477. Teicher, S. A. (1999, July 19). Debate Heats up over same sex marriages. The Christian Science Monitor. Teicher, S. A. (1999, December 22). Ruling will stir states on same sex marriages. The Christian Science Monitor. Wood, D. B. (2000, March 2). Protecting marriage or marginalizing homosexuals? The Christian Science Monitor. Homosexual Adolescents Essay -- Homosexuality If one were to identify a time in life when the recognition of a homosexual identity would be most disruptive, adolescence would be at the top of the list. According to psychologist Erik Erikson, adolescence is a time of identity versus confusion. During adolescence, children are exploring their independence and developing a sense of self. Those who receive proper encouragement and reinforcement through personal exploration will emerge from this stage with a strong sense of self and a feeling of independence and control. Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will insecure and confused about themselves and the future (Crain, 2000). The successful completion of these steps can be impeded by identifying one self as a sexual minority. Andrew Sullivan articulates his experience as a homosexual teen in his essay â€Å"What Is A Homosexual?† Homosexual adolescents learn from an early age that â€Å"survival depends on self-concealment (Sullivan, 2008).† Sullivan illustrates the internal struggle of the homosexual adolescent with a powerful statement, stating â€Å"...that which would give him the most meaning is most likely to destroy him in the eyes of others; that the condition of his friendships is the subjugation of himself (Sullivan, 2008).† The use of the word destroy is a haunting acknowledgement to the bullying that occurs throughout our schools and social media sites. The notion that homosexual adolescents don’t simply keep his or her sexual orientation private, but suppress this aspect of his or her being is detrimental to developing a strong sense of self. Sullivan’s description of the experience of growing up as someone â€Å"profoundly different in emotional and psychological makeup† reiterates how challenging it is for... ...elors. Journal of Counseling and Development, 36-40. Crain, W. C. (2000). Theories of Development: Concepts and Applications. Saddle River: Prentice-Hall. Elias, T. D. (2000, January 24). Gays Advance in California. Insight on the News. Knickerbocker, B. (2000, September 11). Election Spotlights Battle Over Gay Rights. The Christian Science Monitor. Raspberry, W. (2000, May 1). Why Not Encourage Monogamy? The Washington Post. Soule, S. A. (2004). Going to the Chapel? Same Sex Marriage Bans in the United States. Social Problems, 453-477. Teicher, S. A. (1999, July 19). Debate Heats up over same sex marriages. The Christian Science Monitor. Teicher, S. A. (1999, December 22). Ruling will stir states on same sex marriages. The Christian Science Monitor. Wood, D. B. (2000, March 2). Protecting marriage or marginalizing homosexuals? The Christian Science Monitor.

The Miranda Warning :: essays research papers

The Miranda Warning For the past decade, many Right Wing organizations have sort to change many of the laws, governing our rights and freedom. These laws were passed by congress and upheld by the Supreme Court. The Miranda Warning is one of these laws. The Miranda Warning is intended to protect the guilty as well as the innocent and should be protected at all costs. Without the law, many suspects may be treated unfairly. It is a necessary safeguard. Miranda is a ruling which says that the accused have the right to remain silent and prosecutors may not use statements made by them while in police custody, unless the police advice them of their rights. In other words, a police officer must inform a suspect of this fundamental right, under the Fifth Amendment, at the time of their arrest and or interrogation. Miranda protect ignorant suspects from incriminating themselves. Miranda also protects suspects from overzealous police officers. Although most law-enforcement agents in the United States are decent men and women, some abuse their power. They may try to coerce suspects into giving false confessions. Time and time again, we read of cases where suspects were forced to make confessions because an overzealous or prejudiced police officers want to close a case. The story of Rubin Hurricane Carter, made popular by the motion picture of the same name, demonstrated how lives could be destroyed when vindictive and manipulating detectives abuse their power. The Miranda Warning helps keep abuses in check. If the law is used correctly, the guilty would receive their due punishment. When police officers inform suspects of their rights before interrogation, it is very unlikely that the judge presiding over any case would throw out statements made during questioning. Many high ranking law enforcement agents around the country support the Miranda Warning rule because it is a necessary safeguard; it helps and does not hinders the judicial process. William J. Bratton former police commissioner for the New York City Police Department said, "Miranda works at a minimal social cost. The Supreme Court should reaffirm a decision that has served this country well." I believe that the Miranda warning protects all citizens, guilty and innocent, victim and perpetrator, from unscrupulous officers. The law was designed to insure that the statement given is voluntary and not extracted by force or coercion. Many courts including the Supreme Court have made thousands of decisions using the Miranda ruling without any indication that the law was unconstitutional or benefit criminals.

Explore the Significance of Metafiction in Jeanette Winterson’s Story of the Twelve Dancing Princesses

Throughout Winterson’s rendition of ‘the twelve dancing princesses’ – adapted from the renowned story by the Grimm Brothers –the plotline is explicitly centred around an array of fictional images. Implicitly though, the metafiction and accretion used can be unveiled as symbolism that correlates with a larger meaning; the images associated with men are uncomfortable and even evil in comparison to the comforting images (including the mermaid) that represent womanhood. Therefore, in the two specific examples of the mermaid and the poison, the reader may accept fiction as an underlying detail that leads to a deeper truth or argument.In the exact example of the mermaid the reader learns that the senior princess has fallen in love with her (the mermaid) and that they ‘live in the well’ together. The scene is evidently fictional; mermaids don’t exist, and if they did, then Jordon and the princess wouldn’t be able to stand in the w ell and converse with the mermaid due to biological impossibilities. Therefore the statement is immediately false, yet the reader may find themselves accepting it as truth in order to move on to the grittiness of the plotline, and discover the significance of the mermaid; her impact can be interpreted in various ways.Firstly, the mermaid could be seen as the product of rebellion against the conventional ritual of marriage to a husband. Rebellion seems a reasonable suggestion after studying the original story, which Winterson’s tale is arguably a continuation of. The ‘doors that were shut and locked up’ each night exemplify the father’s masculine domination over the freedom of his daughters. Likewise, in the tale the King’s offspring would rather see the soldiers killed than have their freedom limited; that ‘they laughed heartily’ at the sleeping soldier exhibits this.That the princess had to plunge in ‘deep waters’ in Winte rson’s tale exemplifies how she was willing to face the unknown (traditionally in literature the ocean is feared e. g. In the Tempest Ferdinand cries ‘hell is empty and all of the devils are here’ before plummeting into the ocean) in order to search for entertainment aside from her husband. Secondly, the mermaid could represent the princesses’ craving for womanhood – this links on from the rebellion against masculine dominance.The ‘deep waters’ as a meeting place, followed by the fact that the couple live in the well – envisaging a womb like place due to its round and wet characteristics – may bring to some reader’s minds an obvious yearning for womanly presence and dominance within the princess. It is noticeable that the existence of a mother is lacking in both renditions of the myth and so arguably the princess may be trying to reconnect with the womb of the Motherly figure that appears nonexistent in childhood. A cceptance of nonsense can be further seen on page 55 in a passage where content may be viewed as allegorical.There is also arguably a sense of intertextuality as it bares reflection to the synoptic bible passage of the demon possessed man (Mathew 8:28-34), which should consequently ring out clear symbolic meaning to the reader. The melodramatic line ‘Out of his (the husband) belly came a herd of cattle and a fleet of pigs ’ can be defined by the reader as an impossible scenario. Consequently the reader will seek the implicit meaning which holds a deeper content. In the Bible passage, the rearing of swine off the cliff enabled the demon possessed man to walk freed from his past torments.Therefore, the suggestion could be that the husband is better off dead, released from sin, than living alive as an overeater with evil within him – gluttony being a biblical crime. This argument is supported when the door salesman says to the princess ‘you are right to kill h im’. The princess’s hate for her husband’s obesity reflects the forced status of their marriage; nowhere in the passage does any form of love or appreciation ring clear, only a sense of endurance – ‘we had been married a few years’ for example suggests that the princess thinks that this is a fair enough trail run before murdering him .He is presented as unlikeable through firstly the unpleasant verbs that the princess attaches to his actions – ‘gulped’, ‘crashing’, ‘swelled’, ‘complained’ – and secondly through the portrayal of him as the demon. Arguably, the princess finds control and order after the fictional explosion that kills her husband, as Winterson writes in the first person, ‘I rounded them (the herd) up’ – stressing the herd’s obedience to her – contrasting to their disorderly actions to the husband who ‘had always complained a bout his digestion’ while the herds had been inside of him.Following on from this, it is arguable that with the ending of her (the princess’s) marriage came her ability to ‘live according’ to her ‘tastes’. Her true satisfaction is exemplified in the final sentence ‘I prefer farming to cooking,’ which, again allegorically, is arguably stating that she prefers her single life – where she farms the cattle- , to her married life – where she cooks the cattle. Therefore, again in this passage, the reader may accept that the content is fanciful to the real world, but for the passage it is necessary as the images created have significant impact on the symbolic meaning that Winterson is creating.Is Winterson a feminist? This could certainly be argued given the evidence found in the passages. A strong conclusion to her work is that woman have more of a chance of ‘living happily ever after’ by ‘living accordi ng to their own tastes’ than through forced marriage – the latter being the favourable traditionally in fairytales. This is mainly because Winterson’s argument represents a changing view of a woman’s place in a more modern society than that of Grimm’s.Although she retains the same time period as the original tale, the conclusion that woman can find freedom through outwitting their husbands is much different from literature that would have been produced in early decades – (albeit freedom is temporarily found by the daughters in Grimm’s tale when they outwit their father, and the soldiers night after night). Therefore a reader may acknowledge the falsehood in Winterson’s passages, and yet acknowledge it as true in search for the deeper truth underneath.

Mill’s Utilitarianism Essay

In the beginning of Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill states that throughout history very little progress has been made towards developing a set of moral standards to judge what is morally right or wrong. Although a certain disagreement about such foundations can also be found in the most â€Å"certain† sciences, in those areas truths can still have meaning without understanding the principles underlying them. On the other hand, in philosophy, where all actions exist to proceed towards a particular end, statements unfounded upon a general principle have very little validity. Therefore Mill says that in order to know what morality dictates, it is necessary to know by what standard human actions should be judged. He rejects the idea of a moral instinct inherent in human mind, which supplies us with this ability to judge. Even if such a sense would exist, it wouldn’t show us whether something is right or wrong in a particular matter. Instead, Mill assumes that right and wrong are questions of experience and he tries to show that the principle of utility or â€Å"the greatest happiness principle† is the foundation of this distinction. In Chapter two, Mill tries to reply to some common misconceptions about utilitarianism. He claims that many people mistake utility as the rejection of pleasures, whereas in reality, it is pleasure itself, promoting happiness. He thus defines utilitarianism as the creed which â€Å"holds that actions are right in the proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness†. Accordingly pleasure and absence of pain are the only goals that are inherently good and desirable in themselves. Every other action or experience is only insofar good as it promotes pleasure. However, it is wrong to assume people should only do what makes them personally happy. Instead the standard of judging an act is the happiness of all people. Therefore people shouldn’t distinguish between their own happiness and the happiness of others. The motives underlying a certain act are of no importance in utilitarianism. Instead only the results of our conduct, or more specifically the impact on the general happiness, are to consider. In continuing, Mill states that some pleasures are more valuable than others, so not only the quantity but also the quality of pleasures resulting from a certain act determines its moral rightness. We can experience this difference in quality when we give one pleasure a clear preference over another, although it comes along with a greater amount of discomfort, and would not dismiss it for any quantity of the other pleasure. Mill claims that, given equal access to all kinds of pleasures, every man or woman gives priority to those employing their higher faculties. Appropriately he writes that †it is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied; better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied. And if the fool, or the pig, is of a different opinion, it is because they only know their own side of the question†. Thus only people who have experienced both the higher and the lower pleasures are qualified to judge the quality of a pleasure. But by what extent are pleasures measurable or comparable? And what is it that makes a â€Å"higher† pleasure superior over a â€Å"lower†? Another criticism Mill responds to is that happiness can’t be the goal of human actions, since it’s unattainable. Moreover, detractors of the utilitarian moral state that a life without happiness is quite possible, and all noble beings have become virtuous by renunciation. Mill objects that if happiness is defined as moments of rapture, â€Å"in an existence made up of few and transitory pains† and not as a â€Å"continuity of highly pleasurable excitement† happiness is quite attainable. The only reason why mankind is not yet in this condition of happiness is because our education and our social arrangements are inadequate. Concerning the objection that virtuous men renounced happiness Mill asserts that those noble men acted as martyrs, sacrificing their own happiness in order to increase the happiness of other people. However, such a sacrifice is not in itself an act of good but only insofar as it helps others. Mill presents a couple of other misapprehensions of utilitarian ethics, which he says are obviously wrong but which many people nevertheless believe. First, utilitarianism is often accused to be godless, because its foundation is human happiness, and not the will of god. But if we assume that god desires in the first instance the happiness of his creatures, then utilitarianism is more profoundly religious than any other doctrine. Another objection holds that there is not enough time to outweigh the effects on the general happiness prior to every action taken. Mill replies that such a claim also implies that if our conduct is guided by Christianity we’d have to read the Old and New Testament every time before we act. Obviously this is not possible. Instead he asserts that we had the entire duration of human existence to learn by experience which actions lead to certain results. The last critique Mill responds to is that utilitarianism legitimates immoral tendencies by justifying the break of rules by referring to an increase of utility. He replies that this problem can not only be found in utilitarianism but also in every other creed. Does this argument really dispel misconceptions about utilitarianism? In the beginning of chapter three Mill asserts that every moral philosophy needs some source of obligation in order to be binding. Regarding utilitarianism this binding force consists of internal and external sanctions. External sanctions include â€Å"the hope of favour and the fear of displeasure from our fellow creatures or from the Ruler of the Universe†. Internal sanctions on the other hand, are feelings in our own conscience and create a pain if we violate duty. This second type of sanction is considered to be more powerful. Thus to provide a force which is binding enough to influence people’s conduct, utilitarianism needs to appeal to people’s inner sentiment. Mill claims that in fact every moral sentiment could be cultivated, no matter how bad it is. However such â€Å"artificial† feelings, will eventually crumble when they are analyzed thoroughly. The utilitarian morality on the other hand, emerges as a particularly strong foundation because it’s consistent with the social nature of human sentiments: every one of us has an innate â€Å"desire to be in unity with our fellow creatures†. Mill finally emphasizes that this natural sentiment needs to be nourished through education and law. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. John Stuart, Mill, Utilitarianism, ed. Mary Waldrep (Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc. , 2007), 1. [ 2 ]. Mill, 6. [ 3 ]. Mill, 8. [ 4 ]. Mill, 11. [ 5 ]. Mill, 11. [ 6 ]. Mill, 24. [ 7 ]. Mill, 27.

Globalization and International Business Essay

Introduction 1. The meaning of globalization * Broadly: the widening set of interdependent relationships among people from different parts of a world that happens to be divided into nations. * Narrowly: the integration of world economies through the elimination of barriers to movements of goods, services, capital, technology, and people. A. How Does International Business Fit In? * International business consists of all commercial transactions between two or more countries. The goal of private business is to make profits; Governments may undertake them either for profit or for other reasons. a. The Study of International Business * Most managers need to approach their operating strategies from an international standpoint. * Managers in almost any industry need to consider (1) where to obtain the inputs they need of the required quality and at the best possible price and (2) where you can best sell the product or service you’ve put together from those inputs. * Studying IB is important because (1) most companies either are international or compete with international companies, (2) the best way of conducting business may differ by country, (3) an understanding helps you make better career decisions, and (4) an understanding helps you decide what governmental policies to support. b. Understanding the Environment/Operations Relationship The Forces Driving Globalization * Globalization (1) has been growing, (2) is less pervasive than generally thought, (3) has economic and non economic dimensions, and (4) is stimulated by several factors. * The A.T. Kearney / Foreign Policy Globalization Index: some countries are more globalized than others, and a given country may be highly globalized on one dimension and not another. This index ranks countries across four dimension; * Economic – international trade and investment * Technological – Internet connectivity * Personal contact- international travel and tourism, international telephone traffic, and personal transfers of funds abroad * Political – participation in international organizations and government monetary transfers A. Factors in Increased Globalization a. Increase in and Application of Technology * Population growth, Economic growth * Innovations in transportation mean that more countries can compete for sales to a given market. b. Liberalization of Cross-Border Trade and Resource Movements c. Development of Services That Support International Business * Converting one currency to another, insurance d. Growing Consumer Pressures e. Greater Global Competition * Born-global companies: start out with a global focus because of their founders’ international experience and because advances in communications give them a good idea of where global markets and supplies are. * Clustering or Agglomeration: the situation in which many new companies locate in areas with numerous competitors and suppliers; they quickly learn of foreign opportunities and gain easier access to the resources needed for international moves. f. Changing Political Situation * A major reason for growth in IB is the end of the schism between Communist countries and the rest of the world. g. Expanded Cross-National Cooperation * To gain reciprocal advantages * To attack problems jointly that one country acting alone cannot solve * The resources needed to solve the problem may be too great for one country to manage; sometimes no single country is willing to pay for a project that will also benefit another country. * One country’s policies may affect those of others. * To deal with areas of concern that lie outside the territory of any nation * Three global areas belong to no single country: the non-coastal areas of the oceans, outer space, and Antarctica. The Costs of Globalization * Critics of globalization claim (1) countries lose sovereignty, (2) the resultant growth hurts the environment, and (3) some people lose both relatively and absolutely. A. Threats to national sovereignty * Sovereignty: its freedom to â€Å"act locally† and without externally imposed restrictions. a. The Question of Local Objectives and Policies b. The Question of Small Economies’ Overdependence c. The Question of Cultural Homogeneity B. Economic Growth and Environmental Stress a. The Argument for Global Growth and Global cooperation C. Growing Income Inequality and Personal Stress a. Income Inequality(disparity) * Challenge: to maximize the gains from globalization while simultaneously minimizing the costs borne by the losers. b. Personal Stress * The growth of globalization goes hand in hand not only with increased insecurity about job and social status but also with costly social unrest. Why Companies Engage in International Business A. Expanding Sales B. Acquiring Resources (R&D, Design) * Foreign sources may give companies (1) lower costs, (2) new or better products, (3) additional operating knowledge. C. Reducing Risk (Sales, Price swings) * International operations may reduce operating risk by (1) smoothing sales and profits, (2) preventing competitors from gaining advantages. Modes of Operations in International Business A. Merchandise Exports and Imports * The export and import of goods are the major sources of international revenues and expenditures. B. Service Exports and Imports * For non-merchandise international earnings, we call it service exports & imports. a. Tourism and Transportation b. Service Performance * Turnkey operations: construction projects performed under contract and transferred to owners when they’re operational. * Management contracts: arrangements in which one company provides personnel to perform general or specialized management functions for another. c. Asset Use * Licensing agreements: when one company allows another to use its asset such as trademarks, patents, copyrights, or expertise under contracts known as licensing agreements, they receive earnings called royalties. * Franchising: a mode of business in which one party (the franchisor) allows another (the franchisee) to use a trademark as an essential asset of the franchisee’s business. Royalties also come from franchise contracts. C. Investments * Dividends and interest paid on foreign investments are also considered service exports and imports because they represent the use of assets (capital). * Foreign investment means ownership of foreign property in exchange for a financial return, such as interest and dividends, and it make take two forms: direct and portfolio. a. Direct Investment(foreign direct investment, FDI) * Investor takes a controlling interest in a foreign company * When two or more companies share ownership of an FDI, the operation is a joint venture. b. Portfolio Investment * Non-controlling financial interest in another entity. * It usually takes one of two forms: stock in a company or loans to a company in the form of bonds, bills, or notes purchased by the investor. D. Types of International Organizations * Collaborative arrangements: companies work together in joint ventures, licensing agreements, management contracts, minority ownership, and long-term contractual arrangements. * Strategic Alliance: is sometimes used to mean the same, but it usually refers either to an agreement that is of critical importance to one or more partners or to an agreement that does not involve joint ownership. a. Multinational Enterprise (MNE) * Any company with foreign direct investments. * Multinational corporation or multinational company (MNC), Transnational company (TNC) in US. Why International Business Differs from Domestic Business External environment that may affect international operations. A. Physical and Social Factors * Any of these factors may require a company to alter its operation abroad (compared to domestically) for the sake of efficiency. a. Geographic Influences * Geographic barriers often affect communications and distribution channels. * Population distribution and the impact of human activity on the environment may exert strong future influences on IB. b. Political Policies * A nation’s political policies influence how international business takes place within its borders. * Political disputes particularly military confrontations can disrupt trade and investment. c. Legal Policies * Legal law: includes both home- and host-country regulations on such matters as taxation, employment, and foreign-exchange transactions. * International law: in the form of legal agreements between countries, determines how earnings are taxed by all jurisdictions. It may also determine how companies can operate in certain places. d. Behavioral Factors * The related disciplines of anthropology, psychology, and sociology can help managers better understand different values, attitudes, and beliefs. In turn, such understanding can help mangers make operational decisions abroad. e. Economic Forces * Economics explains why countries exchange goods and services, why capital and people travel among countries in the course of business, and why one country’s currency has a certain value compared to another’s. B. The Competitive Environment a. Competitive Strategy for Products: Products compete by means of cost of differentiation strategies, the latter usually by: * Developing a favorable brand image, usually through advertising or from long-term consumer experience with the brand; or * Developing unique characteristics, such as through R&D efforts or different means of distribution. b. Company Resources and Experience * A company’s size and resources compared to those of its competitors. c. Competitors Faced in Each Market * Success in a market (whether domestic or foreign) often depends on whether the competition is also international or local.

Psychological Affects of End-of-Life Care

As people approach the end of their lives, they with their families and their caregivers, face many tasks and decisions. They may be psychological, spiritual, or medical in nature, but all end-of-life choices and medical decisions have complex psychological components, ramifications, and consequences that have a significant impact on the suffering patients and their caregivers. Hospice is a special healthcare option for patients and families faced with a terminal illness. At Hospice there’s a multidisciplinary team of physicians, nurses social workers, bereavement counselors and volunteers that work together to address the physical, social, emotional and spiritual needs of each patient and family members (â€Å"Hospice†). The main focus of Hospice is to address the issues that are most important to the patients’ needs or wants at the end of his/her life. The term â€Å"Hospice† comes from medieval times when it referred to a place of shelter and rest for w eary or ill travelers on a long journey (Hospice).The name was first applied to specialized care for dying patients by Physician Dame Cicely Saunders, who began her work with the terminally ill in 1948 and eventually went on to create the first modern hospice—St. Christopher’s Hospice—in a residential suburb of London (National). Her lecture, given to medical students, nurses, social workers, and chaplains about the concept of holistic hospice care, included photos of terminally ill cancer patients and their families, showing the dramatic differences before and after the symptom control care. This later resulted in the development of hospice care as you know it today (National).Caregiving is associated with physical, psychological, and financial burdens. Hospice nurses perform many traditional nursing duties such as observing, assessing, and recording symptoms. They still work closely with physicians, administering medications and providing emotional support, al though psychologists do not have much of a presence in the hospice movement. Medications that hospice nurses administer and the symptoms they record are not intended to aid a patient in his or her recovery, but rather to make his or her remaining days as comfortable as possible (â€Å"Hospice†). Being a nurse of any kind is very difficult, but dealing every day with a dying patient requires an  extraordinary temperament, one that symbolizes great caring and patience (â€Å"Career†).It can be especially trying on nurses to attend patients who are as young as or younger than the nurse themselves are. Palliative care highlights the total well-being of the patient as well as that of loved ones and caregivers. The caregiver is there to listen, support, encourage, comfort and help the patient. Their goal is to prevent, treat, or eliminate discomfort whenever and, however it appears, never about giving up hope (â€Å"Career†). Every caregiver may be required to provi de a variety of care tasks including physical, emotional, and practical.Research shows that families find personal care to be the most physically and emotionally challenging aspect of caregiving. Emotional care involves listening, talking, reading, or playing music (Collins). Providing the kind and loving companionship that patient may need during the end-of-life process. Handling insurance and other legal matters, taking care of financial concerns such as paying bills, coordinating visits with loved ones, friends and hospice staff is all a part of practical care (Collins). Along with discussing and ensuring that all of the patients’ wishes are carried out if also the healthcare power of attorney (â€Å"What†). In 2009; 66 million Americans (3 in 10 U.S. Households) reported at least one person providing unpaid care as a family caregiver (Collins). Under Medicare, hospice is primarily a program of care delivered in a person’s home by a Medicare – approved hospice.Reasonable and necessary medical and support services for the management of a terminal illness are furnished under a plan-of-care established by the beneficiary’s attending physician and the hospice team (Berry13). Hospice care is available under Medicare only if: the patient is approved for Medicare Part A, the patient’s doctor and the hospice medical director certify that the patient is terminally ill with six months or less to live if the disease runs its expected course, the patient signs a statement choosing hospice care instead of standard Medicare benefits for the terminal illness, or the patient receives care from a Medicare-approved hospice program (â€Å"Hospice†).Hospice care can be provided by an agency or organization that is primarily engaged in furnishing services to terminally ill individuals and their families. To receive Medicare payment, the agency or organization must be approved by Medicare to provide hospice services (Berry15). App roval for hospice is required even if the agency or  organization is already approved by Medicare to provide other kinds of health services. Medicare pays the hospice directly at specified rates depending on the type of care given each day. The hospice can charge five percent of the reasonable cost, up to a maximum of five dollars, for each prescription for outpatient drugs or biological for pain relief and symptom management related to the terminal illness (Collins).When Medicare beneficiaries choose hospice care, they give up the right to standard Medicare benefits only for treatment of the terminal illness. If the patient, who must have Part A in order to use the Medicare hospice benefit, also has Medicare Part B, he or she can use all appropriate Medicare Part A and Part B benefits for the treatment of health problems unrelated to the terminal illness. When standard benefits are used, the patient is responsible for Medicare’s deductible and coinsurance amounts (Berry 14 ). All services required for treatment of the terminal illness must be provided by or through the hospice.If not through the hospice then Medicare will not pay for treatment for the terminal illness which is not for symptom management and pain control. If you receive care given by another healthcare provider that was not arranged by the patients’ hospice or if the patient is receiving duplicate care Medicare will no longer fund in the patients’ healthcare (Berry14). When a patient is expected to live six months or less is when hospice is referred. Although many hospice patients have cancer as their primary diagnosis, hospice provides care to patients of all ages who are dealing with any potentially life-limiting illness, including Alzheimer’s, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dementia, and emphysema.Once the patient has been diagnosed and chooses hospice care, this can generally take place at home or as in-patient care. Hos pice neither prolongs life nor hastens death, but controls pain and discomfort allowing a person to live as fully and comfortably as possible during life’s final journey (â€Å"Career†). Pain control is one of the central goals of hospice care. Every person facing a serious illness hopes for as little pain as possible. Fortunately, with advances in modern medicine, physical suffering can now be almost entirely manages, and in some cases eliminated. From the legal standpoint, the federal guidelines regulating hospice require the hospice to make every reasonable effort to assure that the patient's pain is controlled (Berry3).Most state laws governing hospice  also make pain control a primary and required component of hospice care. The hospice Interdisciplinary Team and the hospice Registered Nurse case manager are focused on making sure the patient is comfortable. The Attending Physician who orders all medications should be focused on the same goal, and in many cases d oes see to it that the patient is kept comfortable. Unfortunately, for varying reasons, some physicians may not order the needed medications to adequately control the patient's pain (Berry4). In these cases, the hospice staff must intervene to protect the patient and make sure the patient gets what is needed to control pain.The hospice Medical Director, being a physician, has the authority to give medical orders and can intervene to provide the patient with the needed medications. In fact, the hospice Medical Director is required by law to make sure the patient's medical needs are met; these needs include medication for pain (Berry4). When dealing with patients and families in hospice care, the psychological and social needs of both patients and family members must be met in order to improve the quality of life throughout the dying process.Many caregivers and loved ones feel overwhelmed by the fact that end-of-life may be near for someone they love; you have to have realization that the patient is not going to get any better despite your best care. It may bring feelings of frustration, anger, sadness, grief and loss to the family of the patient (â€Å"What†). Ignoring feelings of depression, anxiety, confusion or delirium can be harmful†¦ Expressing can be freeing. 48 children and spousal caregivers of hospice patients and 36 controls were evaluated shortly before deaths of their loved ones and again at 2, 7, and 13 months after their deaths. All subjects were administered the Hamilton Raitina Scale for depression, symptom innovatory and the Texas Revised instrument of Grief (Dutton 30).Caring for a loved one who is nearing death can be important time of growth for caregivers. Experience can bring a deep sense of joy and satisfaction in having helped to make a loved one’s last days happier, and more peaceful. Studies indicate that the majority of patients would like their spiritual issues addressed. Spirituality has to do with respecting the inherent value and dignity of all patients. It is very important for the patients’ beliefs to be known to healthcare workers so the patient is not disrespected in any way by the healthcare worker (Karnes2). Patients tend to become more spiritually connected during end-of-life care because they are  nearing the end of their journey.Families are impacted emotionally and spiritually and will be grieving the loss of their lived one whereas their journey is beginning (Karnes6). When a loved one dies, mourning is an essential step in the healing process for those suffering the pain and confusion of loss (Karnes8). Counselors work with clients to validate the experience of grief, find the strength and coping skills, and eventually regain a sense of hope (Karnes7). While grief is very personal, there are many common experiences that accompany the death of a loved one.Talking with a counselor helps clients learn more about the natural process of grief and identify areas of strength and support, as well as areas of potential growth (Collins). Grief support group sessions provide the opportunity for people to meet others who are experiencing similar losses. Grief that accompanies the death of a loved one often comes in waves-and sometimes those waves arrive in the days and weeks that follow. At other times, it may be months-or even years- before the reality of the loss sinks in (Karnes11).Family members may also be grieving over the fact that financial issues may accompany them after their loved one passes. There is always help for any patient or family member in need. After learning more about Hospice and the care that they provide it’s more of a â€Å"safe haven† and a place of comfort for you or your loved ones that are passing. Many others would personally choose hospice as their end-of-life care.

Journals reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Journals reading - Essay Example Additionally, these guidelines are necessary for guiding the decision-making the process of the writer. Just like the writing process demands the writer to come up with everything before writing, artists also look for ideas and inspiration before beginning their artwork. They brainstorm and come up with various ideas they feel suitable to their topic or intention. Equally important, the artist also plans and structure before painting (Armstrong 24). The article uses direct speech quoted from various speakers. Use of direct speech is important in sentence construction since it makes the message look authentic and real to the reader and different audience. Furthermore, it also limits distortion of the message because it is quoted. According to the chapter Planning, the cool down is the reduction in intensity of writers’ frustration and temper. Various authors when faced with difficult writing tasks always develop frustration and anger that leads to random thinking. Through random thoughts, writers get the ideal and perfect opportunity to cool down and rationally think. As a result, they manage to solve the problems and eventually start writing. Moreover, free writing is the best and most useful writing strategy. According to Stafford, free writing is useful since it allows the writer to write various articles or material quickly (32). It also helps writers to enhance their speed, creativity, and memory. Equally, free writing provokes critical thinking since a writer is expected to write what he/she can recall. Moreover, it ensures construction of relevant and detailed work because writers are expected to proofread. Through proofreading, writers can remove irrelevant and unusual points or sentence from their work. They also correct grammar and spelling mistakes in their work. Besides, Speculation is to conceive or try to figure out an idea without knowing the exact meaning or purpose of it. Speculation of ideas is important to

Exponential and logarithmic functions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exponential and logarithmic functions - Essay Example Another application of the exponential function is the compound interest formula (Sobel & Lerner, 1995, p.349). The compounded interest formula is utilized a lot by banks to calculate the amount of money a person earns in a savings account as well as interest charged to customers on loans. Appendix A shows a graphical illustration utilizing the exponential function. The logarithmic function is a function which its base is fixed and the number that is manipulated is the power or argument. The logarithmic function happens to be the inverse function of the exponential function. Graphically this function is a reflection an exponential function. There are different categories of logs such as the normal, natural and the log10 application. In chemistry logarithmic functions are utilized to calculate different concentration such as ph. In computer science logarithmic functions are utilized for to represent quantities of information. Appendix B illustrates a graphical illustration utilizing a logarithmic

Respiratory, pain relief meathods used during chest drain removal. a Literature review

Respiratory, pain relief meathods used during chest drain removal. a - Literature review Example This would enable detection of the levels upon which the tube would be removed from the patient (David 2009, 1). Chest drain systems consist of collection chamber and mechanism that prevents air and fluid from re-entering the pleural cavity. They may have wet or dry properties that are aimed at draining the chest and preventing air from getting into the cavity. The wet system use water while the dry system uses suction mechanism instead of water to seal the opening and prevent air from re-entering the pleural cavity (Brunner and Day, 2009, 716). Patients undergo a lot of pain during cardiac surgeries that involve the chest drain removal from the pleural membrane of the chest. This chest drain removal would be aimed at draining fluids and air form the lungs and subsequent expansion of the lungs. These tubes would be often removed when the condition is better within a period of not less than 3 days after the surgery (SH Sane, 2008, 43). The experience is painful and highly unpleasant to the patients (SH Sane, 2008, 43). This would result in development of negative emotions in the patients. Doctors and medical experts, being aware of this have developed their own procedures and methods of relieving pain in the affected patients. Drugs such as topical Valdecoxib, fentanyl and sufentanil, would be used in curbing the problem of controlling pain (SH Sane, 2008, 43). Most patients have confirmed that chest tube removal (CTR) is a painful experience. This would prompt quick action aimed at reducing complications associated with it and reduction of pain. This would be as a result of inadequate management of pain during recuperation. It has also been confirmed that most countries have not set standards that would be used in pain management (Fischer and Bland, 2007, 769). According to Puntillo & Ley (2004, 294), morphine is the most common drug used in the management of

APA Writing Format Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

APA Writing Format - Essay Example All text in the title page is written in the â€Å"Capitalize Each Word† format. Abstract The â€Å"Abstract† section in the APA format is optional. When included, it provides a quick insight into the content of the paper. The first word of the Abstract is kept flush with the left hand side and there is no indent unlike the paragraphs in the rest of the paper. Word limit for the Abstract ranges from 150 to 250 words. Abstract is always written on the second page since the first page is the Title Page. Page numbers start displaying from the second page onwards. Title The title should be concise and appropriately signify the content of the paper. Words for the title must be chosen with utmost care since it is the fundamental phrase that attracts the audiences to read the paper. Introductory Paragraph The introductory paragraph, as the name indicates, introduces the readers to the subject of the paper and the particular aspect in the vast field that is explored in the pape r. The introductory paragraph should contain detailed information about the subject with an intent to inform a reader who is new to the subject. The introductory paragraph is the first paragraph of the paper that is indented, and so are all paragraphs that follow. The introductory paragraph ends with a thesis statement. Usually, past tense is used in the text included in the introductory paragraph. Thesis Statement The thesis statement is a concise summary just a sentence long that plays the role of a roadmap and highlights all main points in the same sequence as they are discussed in the body of the paper. The thesis statement essentially reflects what the author wants the readers to learn by reading the paper. The thesis statement should present a debatable point. It should constitute such words and ideas that one can possibly disagree with. The thesis statement is ideally just one sentence long. Occasionally, it may extend to two sentences but no more than that otherwise it becom es difficult for the readers to tell it from the rest of the sentences in the introductory paragraph. Body The body of the paper is where the author can express every point of the thesis statement in the same sequence in detail. The number of paragraphs included in the body of the paper varies from one paper to another depending upon how complex the paper is and how long it is required to convey the points effectively. Good writing requires logical flow of ideas and smooth transition from one idea to another, without abrupt changes. This requires proper mind-mapping before the writing can be commenced. In APA writing format, headings assist the readers in tracking the argument’s development. No heading is provided in the introduction since the first paragraph is already taken as an introduction. Nevertheless, the title of the paper shows on the very first line of the third page. Headings in the APA format are not labeled with numbers or letters. There are five levels of headi ngs that are used as needed in the body of the paper. In-text citations are incorporated in the body of the paper. There are different ways to use the in-text citations when they are used before the quote or paraphrase than when they are used after the quote or the paraphrased sentence. When the in-text citat